Growth hormone: myth and reality – Medical portal “MED-info”
You’ve all heard about growth hormone. But in most cases, the idea of it is very vague. Many associate it exclusively with sports, in part it is
You’ve all heard about growth hormone. But in most cases, the idea of it is very vague. Many associate it exclusively with sports, this is partly true legal anadrol price build the physique of a superhero, but few people know about the ability of growth hormone to prolong life and cure chronic diseases..
About growth hormone and its properties
Growth hormone (somatotropic hormone, STH, somatotropin) is one of the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland. Belongs to the family of polypeptide hormones, which also includes prolactin and placental lactoken.
Growth hormone got its name from the fact that in children and adolescents it causes a pronounced acceleration of linear growth, due to the growth of tubular bones of the extremities.
In an adult body, the purely growth functions of growth hormone are lost, that is, growth hormone cannot cause additional bone growth in an adult, except in some cases. But its anabolic properties are almost completely preserved, playing an important role in the regulation of protein metabolism..
Growth hormone has a modulating effect on some functions of the central nervous system (CNS), being not only a hormone, but also a neuropeptide, that is, a mediator protein that takes part in the regulation of the activity of the central nervous system. Growth hormone can cross the blood-brain barrier. It has been proven that growth hormone is also produced inside the brain, in the hippocampus. Growth hormone receptors are found in various parts of the brain and in the spinal cord. The participation of this hormone in the processes of learning (memory) and regulation of homeostasis, including food consumption, is also obvious..
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In its pure form, growth hormone was isolated only in the early 1970s, first from the pituitary gland of a bull, and then from a horse and a person. The use of such a hormone in humans was extremely dangerous due to the high level of allergization eminence labs of the body (up to anaphylactic shock) when it was introduced into the patient’s body. In our time, synthetic analogs of growth hormone are used, absolutely safe and pyrogen-free.
What happens when the secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland decreases?
A decrease in the level of growth hormone secretion is the most important factor in aging, which causes trophic extinction in various tissues of the body. On average, the drop in its level over 10 years is about 14%. In 60-70 years, there is a 2-fold decrease in growth hormone. From the age of 65, 85% of men show signs of pituitary insufficiency, accompanied by a decrease in growth hormone: an increase in abdominal fat, a decrease in muscle mass, osteoporosis, mental disorders (tendencies towards isolation, depression, mental disorders in the form of memory loss and cognitive impediments). This condition is referred to as somatopause. A decrease in growth hormone sharply reduces the body’s resistance to stress, exacerbates depression.
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With a deficiency of growth hormone in adults, a violation of the ratio of adipose / muscle tissue occurs: a decrease in the specific gravity of the latter, an increase in adipose tissue, especially its deposits in the abdomen. There is a decrease in bone density. Myocardiopathy is characteristic: a decrease in the mass of the left ventricle, a decrease in the thickness of the septum and the posterior wall of the ventricles.
Metabolic disorders are also noted: a decrease in glucose tolerance, an increase in the production of insulin, proinsulin, an increase in the content of blood plasma triglycerides, low lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density (VLDL).
Usually, a decrease in the secretion of growth hormone in the body of an adult is latent, leading to a number of disorders (increased fatigue, weakness, unmotivated weight gain) that go unnoticed and have no clinical manifestation. Moreover, the reduced level of growth hormone is not given importance.!
Currently, the hubbub of growth is used in medicine to treat various diseases. Let’s talk about some of them.
The use of growth hormone for the treatment and prevention of heart disease
The number one cause of mortality in modern humans is heart disease, which accounts for more than a third of all deaths. Cardiovascular diseases claim 1.5 million lives annually. In third place is stroke, and in fifth is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Through various studies around the world, there is growing evidence that growth hormone therapy can prevent and reverse these deadly diseases of aging..
The central role of growth hormone in cardiovascular disease can be traced by what happens to people who have too much or too little of it. And those patients who suffer from growth hormone deficiency and those who suffer from acromegaly, a disease associated with the overproduction of growth hormone, are more likely to die from heart disease. There is a U-shaped relationship between growth hormone and heart disease, according to data from the University of Gothenburg. It is dangerous when there is too much and too little of it. But when the body has the right amount of growth hormone, its positive effects on heart function are truly magical..
In a study of 333 patients with severe growth hormone deficiency at Salgrenska Hospital, they found that they were twice as likely to die from heart disease as people of the same age and gender. To more accurately determine the cause of such an unexpected rise in deaths from heart disease, experts studied cardiovascular risk factors in hundreds of surviving patients. The first thing they looked at was body structure. Men were overweight over 7 kg, and women over 3 kg. More importantly, they had an above average fat to lean ratio. And most of the fat was concentrated in the abdomen, and this is known to increase the risk of heart attack. Second, they checked their cholesterol levels. He seemed to be normal, but when experts divided cholesterol into LPL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein) and IDL-cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein), the picture changed dramatically.
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NPL is a bad cholesterol that accumulates on the walls of arteries and can cause heart attacks and strokes. IDP is good cholesterol, which literally rips the LPL cholesterol off the walls of blood vessels and carries it to the liver, where it can be painlessly removed. Growth hormone deficient patients had very high levels of bad NPL cholesterol and very low levels of good IDL cholesterol. They also had elevated levels of fats called triglycerides, which are associated with heart disease and diabetes. They had a very unfavorable fat profile. This fact means that the fat profiles in these patients were similar to those found in normal men at high risk for heart disease. This may explain the doubling of the incidence of cardiovascular disease seen in these patients. But besides cholesterol and body fat, there were other factors. These patients also had an increased risk of atherosclerotic plaque formation, which can cause heart attacks and strokes. This was due to increased levels of fibrinogen, a blood protein that promotes the formation of blood clots, and an inhibitor of plasminogen activator-1 (PAI-1), which prevents the body from dissolving clots. The increased content of fibrinogen is a risk factor for both heart attack and stroke, and IAP-1 is associated with an increased risk of recurrent heart attack.
Patients with growth hormone deficiency also tended to have high blood pressure and increased insulin resistance. The latter came as a surprise, since children who grow poorly due to lack of growth hormone usually have increased insulin sensitivity and a tendency to hypoglycemia. And growth hormone is known for its ability to block the effects of insulin on the body..
Patients with somatotropin deficiency had decreased insulin sensitivity. Summarizing all this, we can say that these patients are more likely to die from cardiovascular diseases. They have increased risk factors in the form of increased body fat, low IDP, high NPL, high triglyceride, fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 inhibitor. They had peripheral hypertension and increased insulin resistance. And this multitude of risk factors in these patients explains their increased mortality from cardiovascular disease..
What happened when these patients were prescribed growth hormone replacement? First, it had a profound effect on their body structure, reducing fat and increasing lean mass. Growth hormone therapy also burns deep layers of fat in the abdomen. Secondly, it changed the cholesterol profile in the desired direction – increasing the level of IDPs and lowering the NPL. After 6 months of treatment, growth hormone reduced diastolic blood pressure (the lowest blood pressure) by about 10%, although systolic pressure did not change. This is in stark contrast to previous views. Previously, it was believed that growth hormone raises blood pressure, but the opposite has been proven. Thus, growth hormone therapy significantly reduces the risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, even in elderly patients with a high risk factor..
Other uses for growth hormone
Growth hormone also helps prevent malnutrition-related wasting in older people. For reasons not yet fully understood, old people often almost or completely lose their appetite, the so-called anorexia of aging appears. Others may eat well without benefit. 65% of hospitalized elderly and 30-60% of elderly living at home eat poorly.
Recent research indicates that age-related work your mesterolone for sale in australia with declines in growth hormone production are in part responsible for the lack of appetite and weakness in the elderly. In a double-blind, placebo clinical trial at a NYU clinic in 10 malnourished older men with no known cause for weight loss. In the course of observation, the doctors found that by the end of the third week, five of them who received growth hormone began to eat more, gained weight, increased muscle mass and excreted half less nitrogen than the control group (this is an indication of muscle atrophy), which indicated that improving their protein metabolism. On the other hand, those who received the placebo injections continued to lose weight and consume even fewer calories. Thus, growth hormone not only improved the metabolism and general condition of elderly patients, but also clearly contributed to an improvement in their well-being and appetite..
The new medical indication for growth hormone use in the US is likely to be AIDS. Clinical trials are now underway in many medical centers in the country using serostim, a form of recombinant growth hormone made from mammalian cells by the Swiss-based company Serono. This drug is used to reverse the malignant form of wasting seen in the late stages of AIDS. Unlike fat loss from malnutrition, wasting, which also occurs in advanced cancer, is unintentional weight loss, which decreases lean body mass and atrophies muscles, bones, and organs..
Many AIDS specialists believe that loss of lean body mass contributes to immune dysfunction, making it harder for sufferers to cope with life-threatening infections. The process of exhaustion itself, if more than 33% of the ideal body weight is lost, is incompatible with life. Several medical centers have conducted a study in 178 patients suffering from AIDS-related wasting, defined as a loss of at least 10% of weight. Those patients who received growth hormone gained an average of 3 kg of lean mass during 3 months of treatment, while losing an average of 1.4 kg of fat. The therapy has also resulted in improved stamina and quality of life..
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At the moment, there is no other therapy in the advanced stages of the disease that has a similar effect on lean body mass. There are treatments that can increase weight, such as megestroacetate, an appetite stimulant, but mostly fatty tissue accumulates. The advantage of growth hormone is that it increases lean mass. Growth hormone does not cure AIDS, but there are some indications that it can prolong the life of patients. Increasing their lean body mass can make them less vulnerable to disease. With the use of antiviral drugs, growth hormone did not increase the amount of HIV, while stimulating the production of new blood cells. Even more impressive, growth hormone appears to reduce the incidence of AIDS-related infections such as polycystic pneumonia and Kaposi’s sarcoma..
As you know, growth hormone is able to rejuvenate the immune system. If it is truly capable of strengthening the ability of HIV-infected patients to resist infectious diseases, then it can increase both the duration and quality of their life..
So, let’s list all the positive reactions of the body to normalizing the level of growth hormone:
improvement of myocardial activity and an increase in its thickness;
positive effect on fat metabolism and the psyche;
protection of inert tissue from manifestations of osteoporosis;
increased muscle growth (even without regular exercise) and strength;
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restoring gait stability, reducing the risk of falling, improving the blood lipid profile, as evidence of a reduced risk of myocardial infarction in the elderly.
Features of using growth hormone
Many will ask why such an effective and safe drug is not used in Russian medicine along with the usual types of treatment? The answer is simple: the backwardness of Russian endocrinology from Western, at least 20 years! In most cases, doctors use diagnostic and treatment methods that have remained virtually unchanged since the 1980s. Russian doctors simply do not bother to study advanced methods of therapy in this area, therefore, the quality of treatment is very low, and few are satisfied with the results. And even with the word hormones, most of our compatriots feel uncomfortable. And this is solely due to the lack of reliable information about the long-approved and frequently used methods of Western endocrinology..
Growth hormone has helped and is helping thousands of people get rid of chronic ailments, prolong active life, prevent the development of various systemic diseases, it is not without reason that there are many clinics in the USA and Europe that deal with such therapy at the highest professional level and achieve excellent results! It is a pity that in Russia growth hormone is considered exclusively a sports drug and that enthusiastic doctors are engaged in its therapeutic use, who are not too lazy to spend their professional time studying the latest materials on this interesting medical discipline, like endocrinology in general and on the use of growth hormone in particular.
Of course, the use of growth hormone requires constant medical supervision, regular examinations and monitoring of blood parameters, in other words, the appointment of growth hormone, the selection of the optimal dosage in each case should be carried out by a qualified doctor. In the USA and many European countries, this technique has been used for more than a dozen years, and the amount of practical knowledge accumulated over this period makes it possible to safely and most effectively use growth hormone in the treatment of many diseases and prolonging the “active longevity” of a modern person.
